Diagnostic Stewardship
“Modifying the process of ordering, performing, and reporting diagnostic tests to improve the treatment of infections and other conditions”
—JAMA
Diagnostic Stewardship
is the Right Test for the Right Patient prompting the Right Action.
Diagnostic Stewardship: The good, the bad, and how to better define disease
SHEA/CDC Decennial talks from 2021 by Surbhi Leekha, Kaede Ota-Sullivan, Brad Langford & Dan Morgan
Key Definitions
Diagnostic Stewardship
Modifying the process of ordering, performing, and reporting diagnostic tests to improve the treatment of infections and other conditions.
Reflex Testing
Strategy wherein tests are only performed after pre-specified criteria are met. For example, urine cultures are only performed if an antecedent urinalysis indicates the presence inflammation (i.e. pyuria).
Cascade Reporting
Strategy of reporting antibiotic susceptibility in a stepwise fashion when specific criteria are met (e.g. organism resistant to first-line antibiotic agents).
Framing
Presenting choices in a way that highlights positive or negative aspects of a decision, leading to changes in their relative attractiveness.
Nudges
Behavioral interventions to guide decision making through choice architecture while maintaining prescriber autonomy.
Results Suppression
Strategies of reporting only some (or none) of the available result information. For example, not releasing organism identification if multiple organisms present in a urine culture.
Selective Reporting
Strategy of only reporting organism identification or antibiotic susceptibility results when specific criteria are met.
Pre-analytic
The step of ordering tests and collecting samples that occurs before processing in the microbiology laboratory.
Analytic Work or interventions within the laboratory. Analogous to processing.
Post-analytic
The reporting of results and other steps that occur after processing in the microbiology laboratory.
Resources
Defining goals and approaches (JAMA 2017)
CDC white paper (Clinical Infectious Diseases 2021)
Diagnostic stewardship for molecular ID tests (Journal of Clinical Microbiology 2017)